Hydraulic Turbines
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INTRODUCTION
Water turbines convert kinetic and potential energies of the water into mechanical power. Kinetic energy of the water depends upon the mass and the head of water. While the potential energy also depends on the quantity of water and the available head. This energy is available at natural sources, which can be classified as follows:
Large quantity of water available at high heads.
Small quantity of water available at high heads.
Large quantity of water available at low heads.
Small quantity of water available at low heads.
Large quantity of water available at high heads.
In this category, hydraulic energy of natural sources is utilized by the Peloton turbine. As the quantity of water available, more machines with more nozzles per wheel can provided to take the maximum energy.
Small quantity of water available at high heads.
In such natural sources also, hydraulic energy can be converted into mechanical energy by Peloton wheel. As the quantity of water available is less, only a limited number of Peloton turbines are installed.
Such natural sources, where water is available at high heads, are available only at the top of mountains and hence this energy is available in Himachal Pradesh, Northern U.P. Etc. or the places of natural falls such as Jog Falls in Mysore.
Large quantity of water available at low heads.
For low heads Francis turbines and Kaplan turbines are used. Where head available is less than 200m, Peloton wheels are not much suitable. Because of fixed speed ration at lesser heads, speed of the Peloton wheel will be small. If the Peloton wheel having less speed is connected with the alternator, than number of poles of alternator will be more and this increases the size of the alternator and hence cost. Therefore , for low heads Peloton wheels are unsuitable.
For Francis and Kaplan turbines speed ratios are more and hence their speeds will be high even for low heads and hence can be coupled to the alternator economically and efficiently.
Small quantity of water available at low heads.
In this case, energy available is very less. Therefore, such sources of energy are not utilized for hydro-electric powers.
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Author Resource:-
Looking for leading manufacturers and exporters of Thermowells from India we manufacturer threaded Standard Thermowell, Flange Thermowell, Socket Thermowell, Sanitary Wells, Van Stone Wells, Weld in Wells in Stainless Steel 304, 316, 304L, 316L, 310, 321 and 446?
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By :
joseph perez
Submitted
2012-02-09 08:21:47 |
Article From Article Mayhem
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