Nobel Prize Winner Becker Said Female Income Will Excess Male
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For decades, the income gap between men and women has been greatly reduced. With the continuing high number of years of female education than men, women earn more than men
Over the past 20 years, in almost all countries, women's level of education has increased dramatically. Although the countries great cultural and economic differences, but whether it is in Brazil, China or Iran, go to college, young women are much more than men. Currently, the U.S. four-year college graduates, about 57% are women, and 60% of women, was awarded a master's degree. This is 1970, women received only 40% compared to the degree it is a huge change.
A recent report shows that the current U.S. doctorates than men even more than women. Although in different fields of study, sex ratio quite different. Ph.D. in engineering, women accounted for about one-fifth winner, Ph.D. in computer science and mathematics, women account for one quarter. However, in medicine and biology, doctoral students accounted for the majority.
In general, income is usually related to the level of education, so naturally should be discussed, university enrollment and graduation rates of gender differences would affect the income gap between men and women. The past, women earn far behind men, so soon after the average income of women than men will not it?
In fact, over the past few decades, most countries hourly wage gap between men and women substantially reduced. Also to the United States, 1980, the median weekly full-time women only a little more than 60% of men, but by 2009, slightly lower than the median weekly wage of women 80% men. For young women, this trend more and more intense. 1980, 25 -34 years of full-time weekly earnings of women is only 69% of men the same age. But in 2009, this proportion rose to nearly 89%. In the age group 35 -44, narrowing the income gap between men and women are quite obvious.
25 -44 years of age income gap between men and women, can predict the future development trend of this gap. This age in both years of education increased female income increased due to the impact, as well as to receive more education, the impact of female employment.
A simple calculation shows that women can improve the educational level of the income gap between men and women have much impact. Assuming a full-time graduates of the same sex than high school graduates higher wages on average 60%, then assuming a four-year college graduates, women account for about 40%, only 26% of men, if men and women who have the same income level of education the same, then With the number of college-educated women increased, the average income of women than men by about 8%. On the gender pay gap, this is a pretty big reversal.
Of course, if the calculation is more realistic, we must admit that even with a certain degree of full-time female equivalent of their income than men. If the equivalent of 15% income gap between men and women, that women earn on average less than men overall about 11%. On the other hand, if this gender pay gap was reduced to 10%, while the overall average income gap between men and women will be reduced to 4%.
Of course, in addition to years of education, there are many other factors affecting the gender pay gap. Although in the past few decades, a sharp decline in the number of full-time housewives, while college-educated women than less educated women are more inclined to go to work, but some women choose not to work, stay at home to care for their children.
In addition, even women working full time, they get an annual and weekly hours of work less than full-time men, mainly because women are always trying to do to take care of their children while working. All these help explain why even with equivalent qualifications, women on average still earn less than men.
On the other hand, high school girls drop-out rate is lower than boys the same age, while the income of high school dropouts will be very low. American women are more likely to be coupled with a master's degree, and has a masters or higher degrees are often received only a four-year university education than people who earn much more. Although not a full-time women's average earnings than men, but in fact the income gap between men and women has been greatly reduced.
This is true: both husband and wife to make money in the American family, about 30% of households, the wife's salary higher than her husband. If women continue to outnumber men by years of education, then the average income of full-time women will soon outnumber men. This indicates that the gender gap not only in the level of education, but also in income, have undergone a significant reversal, and climax. |
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By :
Jessie Stone
Submitted
2010-11-09 13:37:13 |
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